Interdisciplinary Workshop on Drought and Adaptation in the Mediterranean during the Little Ice Age (1300 -1850 AD)
Understanding how societies of the past struggled to adapt to climate variability is critically needed to advance research about climate change adaptation today (Adamson et al. 2018).During the historical period known as the Little Ice Age not only average temperatures decreased but extreme weather events became more frequent (White 2014; White 2011; Olivaet al. 2018). This period constitutes an excellent opportunity for the joint work of researchers from the human and natural sciences interested in adaptation. In the Mediterranean, periods ofdrought marked how communities experienced the Little Ice Age. Recent research has shown how local communities combined different strategies to cope with drought, including infrastructural, institutional and symbolic responses which changed throughout time (Grau-Satorras et al. 2016; Grau-Satorras et al. 2018).At the crossroads between historical climatology and environmental history, the aim of this workshop is to further our understanding of the complex human impacts of climate variability in the Mediterranean during the Little Ice Age, with special attention to adaptation to the study of drought. Building on the studies of drought reconstruction in Spain following rogation ceremonies (Barriendos 1997; Domínguez-Castro et al. 2012) and attending to the current stateof the art on the study of past droughts with documentary data (Brázdil et al. 2018), the ambition of this workshop is to foster interdisciplinary communication. Transdisciplinary contributions that combine the work of historians, natural scientists and archaeologists (Izdebski et al. 2016) or researchers from other disciplines will be especially welcomed. The workshop will include three keynotes: Andrea Kiss (Vienna University of Technology), Mariano Barriendos (University of Barcelona) and Mar Grau Satorras (Universitat Oberta deCatalunya). John McNeill (Georgetown University) will act as discussant. Aiming at the publication of some of the contributions received, we call for both methodologically sound and nuanced transdisciplinary historical works from a wide range ofdisciplines that engage with the following topics in the Mediterranean region:
1.Methodological approaches towards establishing instruments for classification that bring together historical records that can be used as proxy for climate reconstruction,with particular attention to drought, rainfall and temperature;
2.Long-term transdisciplinary studies that integrate multi-proxy analyses of historical climate change;
3.In-depth studies of specific severe hydro-climatic episodes during the LIA in the Mediterranean, particularly drought and floods, with attention to the responsesdeveloped by local societies to cope with the consequences of such events and preventfuture episodes;
4.Human dimensions of historical climate change during the Little Ice Age;
5.Community and institutional adaptation to drought, strategies to cope with disturbancesand climate variability;
6.Watering the city: engineering, building and maintaining urban water supply infrastructure in the face of ice and drought;
7.Irrigation schemes: infrastructural projects for agricultural irrigation in theMediterranean;
8.War and water: in-depth analyses of military campaigns conditioned by drought.